{"id":8155,"date":"2024-08-14T07:36:09","date_gmt":"2024-08-14T07:36:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mediatopnews.tg\/?p=8155"},"modified":"2024-08-14T07:36:10","modified_gmt":"2024-08-14T07:36:10","slug":"les-conventions-de-geneve-ont-75-ans-appel-de-la-presidente-du-cicr-a-faire-du-respect-des-conventions-de-geneve-une-priorite-politique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mediatopnews.tg\/?p=8155","title":{"rendered":"Les Conventions de Gen\u00e8ve ont 75 ans\u00a0;\u00a0 Appel de la pr\u00e9sidente du CICR \u00e0 faire du respect des Conventions de Gen\u00e8ve une priorit\u00e9 politique"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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(MEDIATOPNEWS)<\/strong> – \u00c0 l\u2019occasion du 75e anniversaire des Conventions de Gen\u00e8ve, adopt\u00e9es le 12 ao\u00fbt 1949, la pr\u00e9sidente du Comit\u00e9 international de la Croix-Rouge (CICR) appelle \u00e0 faire du respect de ces textes fondateurs une priorit\u00e9 politique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00ab Dans un monde divis\u00e9, les Conventions de Gen\u00e8ve et plus largement le droit international humanitaire sont l\u2019expression de valeurs universelles qui concourent \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger la vie et la dignit\u00e9 humaines \u00bb, d\u00e9clare la pr\u00e9sidente du CICR, Mirjiana Spoljaric. \u00ab Le respect de ce corpus de droit est indispensable pour se pr\u00e9munir contre les pires effets de la guerre et les pr\u00e9venir, ainsi que pour faire en sorte que tout individu, m\u00eame s\u2019il s\u2019agit d\u2019un ennemi, soit trait\u00e9 comme un \u00eatre humain. \u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Trait\u00e9s fondateurs du droit international humanitaire (DIH), les Conventions de Gen\u00e8ve constituent une remarquable avanc\u00e9e \u00e0 plus d\u2019un titre. Elles sauvent des vies. Elles interdisent la torture et la violence sexuelle. Elles exigent que les d\u00e9tenus soient trait\u00e9s avec humanit\u00e9. Et plus fondamentalement, elles refl\u00e8tent le consensus mondial autour de l\u2019id\u00e9e que toutes les guerres ont des limites.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pourtant, 75 ans apr\u00e8s leur adoption, le DIH est malmen\u00e9, et parfois m\u00eame invoqu\u00e9 pour l\u00e9gitimer le recours \u00e0 la violence. C\u2019est pourquoi la communaut\u00e9 internationale doit imp\u00e9rativement renouveler son engagement \u00e0 respecter ce cadre protecteur solide dans le contexte des conflits arm\u00e9s \u2013 un cadre dont l\u2019ambition est de sauver des vies plut\u00f4t que de rationaliser la mort.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
En 1999, le CICR faisait \u00e9tat de 20 conflits actifs. Aujourd\u2019hui, ils sont plus de 120. Au regard de ces chiffres, et en vue de r\u00e9duire les souffrances que ces conflits engendrent, Mme Spoljaric pr\u00e9conise les quatre mesures suivantes : 1. Les parties aux conflits arm\u00e9s doivent r\u00e9affirmer avec d\u00e9termination leur engagement \u00e0 respecter les Conventions de Gen\u00e8ve et \u00e0 se conformer \u00e0 la lettre et \u00e0 l\u2019esprit du droit. 2. Des progr\u00e8s significatifs doivent \u00eatre r\u00e9alis\u00e9s du point de vue humanitaire dans les zones en proie \u00e0 un conflit arm\u00e9. 3. Tous les \u00c9tats doivent ratifier et respecter les trait\u00e9s de DIH, au premier rang desquels les Protocoles additionnels aux Conventions de Gen\u00e8ve. 4. Les \u00c9tats doivent s\u2019engager \u00e0 ce que l\u2019utilisation de toute nouvelle technologie de guerre \u2013 IA, cyberop\u00e9rations, op\u00e9rations d\u2019information \u2013 soit strictement conforme au DIH, et mettre en place de nouvelles limites concernant les syst\u00e8mes d\u2019armes autonomes. Nous sommes tous t\u00e9moins des immenses souffrances caus\u00e9es par les conflits arm\u00e9s \u00e0 travers le monde : entre Isra\u00ebl et Gaza ; entre la Russie et l\u2019Ukraine ; mais aussi en \u00c9thiopie, o\u00f9 des centaines de milliers de personnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9es dans les affrontements ; et au Soudan, o\u00f9 8 millions de personnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9plac\u00e9es \u00e0 cause des combats. Sans oublier les conflits prolong\u00e9s qui s\u00e9vissent en R\u00e9publique centrafricaine, en Colombie, en R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo, au Myanmar, en Syrie ou encore au Y\u00e9men, faisant un nombre tristement \u00e9lev\u00e9 de victimes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00ab O\u00f9 sont les artisans de la paix ? O\u00f9 sont ces hommes et ces femmes capables de conduire des n\u00e9gociations et de m\u00e9nager un espace pour les mener \u00e0 bien ? \u00bb, poursuit Mme Spoljaric. \u00ab Je demande instamment aux dirigeants de la plan\u00e8te de s\u2019asseoir \u00e0 la table des n\u00e9gociations. Le respect du DIH en temps de conflit facilite la transition vers la paix en levant au moins quelques-uns des obstacles qui entravent le processus permettant de la reconstruire. \u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sur bien des terrains de guerre \u00e0 travers le monde, la protection due aux h\u00f4pitaux est foul\u00e9e aux pieds. L\u2019acc\u00e8s humanitaire est entrav\u00e9. Les combattants du camp adverse et les civils sont d\u00e9shumanis\u00e9s. Des travailleurs humanitaires, y compris parmi les coll\u00e8gues du CICR et du Mouvement international de la Croix-Rouge et du Croissant-Rouge, sont tu\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Le d\u00e9ploiement de nouvelles technologies risque d\u2019accentuer encore ces tendances alarmantes. Si les r\u00e8gles de ciblage utilis\u00e9es pour entra\u00eener les algorithmes ne sont pas suffisamment strictes, il y aura davantage de morts parmi les civils. En l\u2019absence de nouvelles restrictions juridiques, les armes autonomes pourraient fonctionner quasiment sans contr\u00f4le, et prendre la d\u00e9cision de tuer sans supervision humaine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ces 75 prochaines ann\u00e9es et au-del\u00e0, le monde entier doit r\u00e9affirmer son adh\u00e9sion pleine et enti\u00e8re aux Conventions de Gen\u00e8ve. Tout autre choix constituerait une trahison de l\u2019engagement qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 pris le 12 ao\u00fbt 1949.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(MEDIATOPNEWS) – \u00c0 l\u2019occasion du 75e anniversaire des Conventions de Gen\u00e8ve, adopt\u00e9es le 12 ao\u00fbt 1949, la pr\u00e9sidente du Comit\u00e9 international de la Croix-Rouge (CICR) appelle \u00e0 faire du respect de ces textes fondateurs une priorit\u00e9 politique. \u00ab Dans un monde divis\u00e9, les Conventions de Gen\u00e8ve et plus largement le droit international humanitaire sont l\u2019expression […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8156,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8155","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politique"],"yoast_head":"\n
Les Conventions de Gen\u00e8ve ont 75 ans\u00a0;\u00a0 Appel de la pr\u00e9sidente du CICR \u00e0 faire du respect des Conventions de Gen\u00e8ve une priorit\u00e9 politique - R\u00e9c\u00e9piss\u00e9 N\u00b00026\/12-2020\/pl\/P<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mediatopnews.tg\/?p=8155\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les Conventions de Gen\u00e8ve ont 75 ans\u00a0;\u00a0 Appel de la pr\u00e9sidente du CICR \u00e0 faire du respect des Conventions de Gen\u00e8ve une priorit\u00e9 politique - R\u00e9c\u00e9piss\u00e9 N\u00b00026\/12-2020\/pl\/P\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"(MEDIATOPNEWS) – \u00c0 l\u2019occasion du 75e anniversaire des Conventions de Gen\u00e8ve, adopt\u00e9es le 12 ao\u00fbt 1949, la pr\u00e9sidente du Comit\u00e9 international de la Croix-Rouge (CICR) appelle \u00e0 faire du respect de ces textes fondateurs une priorit\u00e9 politique. \u00ab Dans un monde divis\u00e9, les Conventions de Gen\u00e8ve et plus largement le droit international humanitaire sont l\u2019expression […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/mediatopnews.tg\/?p=8155\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"R\u00e9c\u00e9piss\u00e9 N\u00b00026\/12-2020\/pl\/P\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-08-14T07:36:09+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-08-14T07:36:10+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/mediatopnews.tg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Logo-Cicr.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"464\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"539\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"La R\u00e9daction\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"La R\u00e9daction\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mediatopnews.tg\/?p=8155#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mediatopnews.tg\/?p=8155\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"La R\u00e9daction\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mediatopnews.tg\/#\/schema\/person\/5264fbaa15cdbc3bbc592caa5cb4bac6\"},\"headline\":\"Les Conventions de Gen\u00e8ve ont 75 ans\u00a0;\u00a0 Appel de la pr\u00e9sidente du CICR \u00e0 faire du respect des Conventions de Gen\u00e8ve une priorit\u00e9 politique\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-08-14T07:36:09+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-08-14T07:36:10+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mediatopnews.tg\/?p=8155\"},\"wordCount\":802,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mediatopnews.tg\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mediatopnews.tg\/?p=8155#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/mediatopnews.tg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Logo-Cicr.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"POLITIQUE\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/mediatopnews.tg\/?p=8155#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mediatopnews.tg\/?p=8155\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/mediatopnews.tg\/?p=8155\",\"name\":\"Les Conventions de Gen\u00e8ve ont 75 ans\u00a0;\u00a0 Appel de la pr\u00e9sidente du CICR \u00e0 faire du respect des Conventions de Gen\u00e8ve une priorit\u00e9 politique - 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